Disseminated on behalf of SPARC AI Inc. and may include paid advertising.

• SPAI’s Overwatch Positioning Network delivers GPS-denied positioning using telemetry drones already generated, eliminating the need for new hardware or airframe modifications.
• The company’s per-device subscription model is designed to generate scalable, high-margin recurring revenue as more drones connect to the platform.
• SPARC AI is targeting a defense, security, and commercial drone market projected to exceed $100 billion over the next decade.

SPARC AI Inc. (CSE: SPAI) (OTCQB: SPAIF) is approaching the growing challenge of GPS-denied navigation from a software-first perspective. Instead of adding more chips, sensors, and navigation hardware to individual aircraft, the company’s Overwatch Positioning Network moves the positioning process off the drone and into its network infrastructure. The model is designed to provide latitude, longitude, and time using telemetry that is already generated, potentially allowing operators to improve navigation without redesigning their aircraft.

The timing underscores a broader shift in the operating environment for autonomous systems. Lost signal incidents increased 220% between 2021 and 2024, making GPS disruptions an increasingly persistent consideration for aviation and other autonomous operations. The publication argues that traditional onboard approaches can become difficult to scale because every additional sensor or component can require integration, testing, certification, and maintenance across individual airframes.

SPARC AI’s alternative is software-based. Overwatch receives existing drone telemetry through an API, processes it on SPARC AI’s servers, and returns a calculated position in roughly one third of a second. The company states that the system requires “No new hardware, no new software, no physical modification,” potentially reducing the deployment barriers associated with hardware-based navigation solutions (ibn.fm/4bwW8).

The architecture also creates a unique economic model. The company has stated that Overwatch will operate through a per-device subscription model, supporting what the company says is scalable, high-margin recurring revenue as more devices connect (ibn.fm/vDAnZ). Its investor materials outline three revenue streams: an annual platform deployment fee, per-drone licensing, and API consumption. The company’s April 2026 investor presentation identifies a target gross margin of 95%, although actual financial performance will depend on commercial execution, infrastructure costs, and customer adoption.

A hardware-heavy model requires additional manufacturing, shipping, installation, and maintenance as fleets expand. Overwatch instead relies on additional computing capacity. Adding aircraft means provisioning server capacity rather than manufacturing and mounting another navigation device on each drone (ibn.fm/v7gk5).

SPARC AI has also focused on integration with existing drone infrastructure. Its Overwatch platform has been integrated into QGroundControl, connecting it with PX4 and ArduPilot ecosystems. The company has stated that these platforms collectively support over a million drones and more than 30,000 developers and contributors.

The addressable opportunity is substantial. IBN estimates that security, defense, and commercial drone markets could exceed $100 billion over the next decade, while Fortune Business Insights projects the global commercial drone market could reach $65.25 billion by 2032.

For investors, SPARC AI’s approach depends on separating navigation capability from physical hardware. If Overwatch gains adoption across existing and new fleets, each additional connected device could expand recurring licensing and API revenue without requiring SPARC AI to manufacture another navigation system.

For more information, visit the company’s website at https://sparcai.co.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to SPAIF are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/SPAIF

• The latest patent filings cover variations in Texatron(TM) confinement structures, chamber geometries, fuel injection, and electromagnetic components.
• The company is pursuing further Texatron(TM) testing at a university facility while preparing to establish a dedicated, company-controlled testing site.
• American Fusion(TM) has identified a property for the proposed facility and negotiated principal terms, but the transaction remains subject to closing conditions.
• The company is preparing for a potential national exchange uplisting, with the Texas Stock Exchange under consideration alongside NYSE and NASDAQ.

American Fusion(TM) (OTCBQ: AMFN), a developer of next-generation fusion energy technologies, has reported 21 additional U.S. patent applications, bringing its pending portfolio to 151, as the Texas-based fusion developer advances plans for further Texatron(TM) testing and prepares for a potential move to a national securities exchange.

The company’s September 22 corporate update outlined three areas of activity: intellectual property protection, testing infrastructure and capital-markets preparation (https://ibn.fm/R4hlJ). The new applications expand coverage around the Texatron(TM) platform, including alternative confinement structures and component arrangements. The filings described in the update include quartz and aluminum configurations, rifled toroidal chambers, electromagnetic foils, ridge-mounted coils and helium-3/deuterium fuel-injection systems.

American Fusion(TM) says its intellectual property strategy is intended to protect a family of potential Texatron(TM) Fusion Engine(TM) designs rather than a single reactor configuration. The company argues that securing a broad range of technical approaches may become more important as engineering work progresses and it engages with prospective commercial counterparties. The applications are pending and remain subject to examination by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 

“Our intellectual property strategy is designed to protect not merely a single fusion device, but a family of Texatron(TM) Fusion Engines(TM) and the technologies that may support multiple sizes, configurations, applications and future generations of the platform,” said Brent Nelson, Executive Chairman of American Fusion(TM). “We believe that intellectual property may ultimately represent one of American Fusion’s(TM) most important long-term corporate assets.”

A second focus is the company’s testing program. American Fusion(TM) continues to pursue testing at a university facility while planning a dedicated site under its own control. Management says the facility could provide greater flexibility over scheduling and diagnostic instrumentation. The company has identified a property and negotiated principal terms and a purchase price. It expects to enter escrow through an affiliate, but the transaction remains subject to customary closing conditions. American Fusion(TM) said it would provide further details in a Current Report on Form 8-K as required.

A company-controlled facility would complement, rather than replace, outside scientific and engineering relationships. The update did not provide a detailed schedule for the site’s completion or specify when particular testing milestones would be reached.

The Texatron(TM) program remains in development and engineering validation. The company’s longer-term objective is to establish a modular fusion-energy platform, but the update did not announce a new demonstration of sustained fusion power or commercial electricity production.

The third area is a potential uplisting from OTCQB to a national securities exchange. American Fusion(TM) is evaluating the Texas Stock Exchange (TXSE) as a preferred possibility, while also considering the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Management cited the company’s Texas headquarters and development activity as factors in its interest in TXSE.

The company believes it meets TXSE’s initial listing criteria apart from the minimum bid-price requirement, and says it may qualify under a $200 million market-capitalization standard. Depending on the share price at the time of an application, a reverse stock split may be considered to address the bid-price requirement.

American Fusion(TM) says work completed during 2026, including audited financial statements, SEC reporting status, current periodic reporting and OTCQB qualification, has helped build the infrastructure for a possible national listing. Any uplisting would still require the company to meet the selected exchange’s rules and receive its approval.

The company also disclosed receiving several financing term sheets from funds contemplating capital in connection with a potential uplisting and the advancement of Texatron(TM) commercialization. It is evaluating those proposals alongside other alternatives. No definitive financing agreement has been executed, leaving the amount, structure and availability of any future capital uncertain.

The update also noted that Chief Executive Officer Brent Nelson and members of management were scheduled to visit the NYSE on September 28 for an interview with New to The Street and meetings with banks and institutional investors. 

For more information, visit the company’s website at www.AmericanFusionEnergy.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to AMFN are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/AMFN

• Versus Systems is a tech company that’s focused on transforming passive audiences into active participants, enhancing how audiences interact with content across both live and digital environments.
• It operates through two primary platforms, Winfinite and Filter Fan Cam (“FFC”), which help brands, marketers, and creators hold onto consumer attention, even as digital environments become increasingly crowded.
• Versus has worked with professional sports leagues, entertainers, and a variety of other major brands, deploying its technology across thousands of events across the globe.

With people exposed to countless ads and posts daily, audience engagement is a significant challenge for marketers, brands, creators, and other professionals.

Versus Systems Versus Systems (NASDAQ: VS) is a technology company that successfully turns passive audiences into active participants through competitions, interactive games, and real-world rewards. It also enhances how these audiences interact with content across both digital and live environments.

Versus’s platform lets brands, teams, leagues, and creators, integrate interactive elements into the experiences they share with their audiences, combining gameplay mechanics alongside promotional functionality. The company has a patented earned-rewards system that operates across mobile, web, broadcast, and in-venue formats. Brands can deploy campaigns through websites, mobile apps, streaming platforms, and live events, allowing companies to create consistent engagement strategies across multiple touchpoints.

Another component of Versus’s technology offering is its ability to manage rewards-based campaigns internationally, controlling distributed awards across many regions, including the USA, China, Mexico, India, and the UK. This capability becomes even more important as brands look to implement global campaigns that require compliance with different regulations. By providing the infrastructure for rewards administration, Versus lets companies and brands focus on designing the campaign and interacting with their audience in the most effective way.

The company has deployed its technology across thousands of events, engaging millions of consumers, and has worked with major brands, entertainers, and sports league. Some of the organizations that Versus has worked with include the NFL, NHL, MLS, FIFA, Texas Rangers, the UFC, and others.

Versus Systems operates through two primary platforms, Winfinite and Filter Fan Cam (“FFC”), keeping consumer attention in crowded digital environments.

Winfinite

Winfinite is Versus’s core platform, and it offers a library of customizable games that brands can personalize and either deploy across digital channels or integrate into live events. The platform makes it easy for brands to launch interactive campaigns using pre-built game formats that can be tailored to their liking, and not have to worry about designing their own gaming experiences.

The broadly-accessible and casual games within the platform include sports-themed challenges, arcade activities, promotional contests, trivia, and more. Depending on the campaign, consumers who participate can earn discounts, digital incentives, merchandise, and other prizes.

Over 10 million consumers have already participated in campaigns using Versus’s technology, and by connecting participation and actual rewards, the platform brings stronger engagement between brands and their audiences.

Filter Fan Cam

Filter Fan Cam is an in-venue engagement product that uses augmented reality to keep audiences engaged at live events. It lets audiences see themselves on broadcasts or venue screens with real-time visual enhancements. 

The feature adds digital filters and overlays to camera footage, creating fun and interactive moments that can be displayed in areas or included into event coverage content.

Using facial tracking, this product supports sponsor integration, customized branding, and themed activations during live events.

In addition to these, Versus continues to develop additional features and products to broaden its ecosystem, and aims to increase international footprint, as well. Versus is also holding ongoing discussions about extending its technology licensing relationship with ASPIS Cyber Technologies, which could provide additional recurring revenue.

Versus and Drinkfinger

Versus Systems is expanding its engagement ecosystem by partnering with Drinkfinger, introducing a persistent physical entry point that strengthens how fans connect with digital experiences at live events. Drinkfinger’s sustainable four‑cup carrier places a high‑visibility QR code directly in a fan’s hand, transforming a routine beverage purchase into an immediate “scan-play-win” moment powered by Versus’s web‑first interactive platform. This close‑range, low‑friction entry point creates a verifiable funnel, from scan to interaction to reward, complementing Versus’s Winfinite game library and Filter Fan Cam activations. By pairing Drinkfinger’s durable physical distribution with Versus’s real‑time engagement technology, brands and venues gain a repeatable, measurable mechanism for driving participation, capturing permissioned audience relationships, and delivering sponsor value across events.

About Versus Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: VS)

Versus Systems is a technology company that aims to enhance how audiences interact with content and engage with brands across digital and live environments. It seeks to use tangible rewards, competitions, and interactive games to turn passive audiences into active participants, which can dramatically improve engagement for brands, creators, and organizations.

For more information, visit the Versus Systems website at https://www.versussystems.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to VS are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/VSI

• The weakness in a token-funded model is straightforward: Printing new tokens to pay for development can dilute existing holders, while community fundraising rounds only go as far as sentiment allows.
• MindWave’s infrastructure centers on MindChain, which the company has billed as the world’s first fully insured blockchain.
• The token tying this together is $NILA, currently a BEP-20 token with a total supply of roughly 1.06 billion.

Many blockchain ecosystems rely heavily on token issuance and community funding to support development. A project issues a token, sells some of it and hopes enough demand develops to support the ecosystem as products and services are built. While that model has helped fund blockchain projects, it can also create challenges when token prices decline or investor sentiment changes. MindWave Innovations (NYSE American: APUS) is developing a different approach. The company is developing a Layer 2 blockchain called MindChain and an ecosystem around it, MindWaveDAO, organized around commercial sectors such as digital advertising, climate credits and real-world asset tokenization rather than purely speculative token activity.

The weakness in a token-funded model is straightforward. Printing new tokens to pay for development can dilute existing holders, while community fundraising rounds only go as far as sentiment allows. Neither approach necessarily reflects whether the underlying products are generating revenue. When token prices fall, an ecosystem’s ability to fund continued development can also be affected. MindWave is positioning its model around a different premise: building commercial applications and infrastructure that can generate activity across the broader ecosystem.

MindWave Innovations became part of the public markets through a December 2025 merger with Apimeds, a clinical-stage biotechnology company that completed its IPO in May 2025. The merger was supported by up to $100 million private investment in public equity, with E.F. Hutton serving as exclusive advisor on the transaction and placement agent on the financing. The combined company retained Apimeds’ biotech pipeline while adding MindWave’s infrastructure business, led by founder and chief executive Dr. Vin Menon.

That infrastructure centers on MindChain, which MindWave has billed as the world’s first fully insured blockchain. MindChain is an EVM-compatible Layer 2 network built on a Nitro-compatible execution stack, with transactions settling on Ethereum for finality. The company says the network is set to go live in October, following a testnet phase and third-party security audit, with eligible network infrastructure and validator nodes covered under an insurance framework the company says most blockchain networks do not offer.

The token tying this together is $NILA, currently a BEP-20 token with a total supply of roughly 1.06 billion. NILA became available to U.S. users last month through Webot, a cryptocurrency exchange registered with FinCEN and licensed as a money transmitter in 48 states, ahead of a planned migration to a native token on MindChain. MindWave describes the goal behind the token as linking NILA’s value and utility more closely to actual ecosystem activity rather than primarily to new token issuance or speculative capital flows. That framing sits close to the core question worth asking about this kind of project: Can a token’s value and utility become more closely connected to what an ecosystem actually generates?

Rather than building a single application, MindWave has organized its ecosystem around distinct commercial sectors. Wave Plus is described as an engagement and rewards layer built around community participation and ecosystem adoption. AQUAE Labs focuses on climate and ESG assets and has already launched ALCI credits, a blockchain-based environmental credit product. A third vertical addresses real-world asset tokenization, aimed at bringing traditionally illiquid holdings on-chain. MindWave’s MindChain announcement also outlined plans for insured, industry-specific subnets covering advertising technology, climate technology, insurance and real-world assets, each intended to inherit MindChain’s security and insurance protections once built.

The logic behind that structure follows a fairly simple sequence. Companies and products build on the shared infrastructure, that activity generates real transactions within the ecosystem, and a more capable, better-resourced network in turn can make it easier for the next wave of applications to launch. MindWave describes $NILA’s potential value as tied to multiple revenue streams rather than a single product, which is consistent with an ecosystem designed to grow through usage across insurance-adjacent, climate and asset-tokenization products instead of through token issuance alone.

MindWave’s updated roadmap emphasizes aggressive near-term targets, including onboarding 11 NASDAQ- and NYSE-listed corporations and scaling validator revenue to $5 million, alongside a longer-term goal of $2 billion in assets under management and secondary markets for ALCI credits. Whether those targets are met, and whether MindChain’s October launch delivers the insured, multi-vertical infrastructure the company has described, will be an early test of whether tying a blockchain ecosystem to commercial activity can translate into a sustainable operating model.

For more information, visit the company’s website at MindWaveInnovations.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to APUS are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/APUS

• Data center development is driving demand for capital and power.
• Industry participants have reported that power availability, not capital, is the primary constraint; some projects face multiyear grid interconnection timelines.
• Market Street Capital’s platform lines up with each layer of need in the data center growth space.

Growing data center demand is increasing both financing needs and pressure on available power and grid connections. Market Street Capital is a capital markets and financial advisory firm with more than 20 years of experience in capital raising, M&A and advisory. The company works with established middle-market companies with enterprise values of $10 million to $1 billion on capital formation, and its platform includes a real estate practice that covers industrial assets and development sites.

Industry forecasts indicate substantial potential growth, although actual spending and capacity may differ from estimates. Amazon, Alphabet, Meta and Microsoft collectively plan to spend roughly $725 billion on capital expenditures in 2026, up 77% from the prior year. One industry forecast estimates that global data center capacity could nearly double to 200 gigawatts by 2030. Forecasts estimate that such growth could require about $870 billion in new debt financing.

According to industry participants, power availability, not capital, is the primary constraint; interconnection delays may extend project timelines. Lenders may therefore examine power-delivery milestones. A utility “will-serve” letter is not the same as powered land. A firm transmission agreement may provide stronger evidence of available power, but its terms and delivery dates require diligence. Analysts likewise rank speed to power as the top site selection criterion, seeing the bigger risk in converting financing capacity into delivered, power-enabled infrastructure on predictable timelines.

So where is the capital coming from? Real estate capital often finances the physical shell. High occupancy, long lease terms and strong hyperscaler credit continue to support valuations. Stabilized, leased assets can tap ABS, 144A bonds and CMBS, and some investors expect sales to REITs to be a key exit. Securitization has gained ground as a way to monetize cash-flowing portfolios at spreads that depend on market conditions. Some sponsors now finance on-site power separately, using the project finance market for power and commercial real estate capital for the buildings.

Private credit and infrastructure debt are filling gaps banks leave open. Bank syndicates remain cost efficient but underwrite conservatively, especially for speculative capacity that is not preleased. Direct lenders and infrastructure debt funds are stepping into construction loans, bridge facilities and mezzanine financings, offering flexibility at a higher cost. Private credit is increasingly a primary source of data center financing, drawn to projects tied to long-duration contracted cash flows. As of May 2026, 695 infrastructure funds were raising a combined $555 billion.

Hyperscaler commitments may mitigate some financing risks but do not eliminate construction, counterparty or power-delivery risk. In project finance, long-term leases with investment-grade hyperscalers may provide important credit support; leverage varies by asset and agreement and is not assured.

Meta’s Hyperion campus in Louisiana provides an example of a project-specific structure. Blue Owl-managed funds own 80% of the joint venture, while Meta leases the facilities and provides a residual value guarantee for the first 16 years. Investors now expect firmly committed, transparent hyperscaler credit before financing a project.

Sponsor equity funds development before those leases are signed. Platforms are land-banking sites in development vehicles and turning to structured preferred equity, joint ventures and forward sales that may permit earlier capital recycling. In some joint ventures, pension funds, sovereign wealth funds and infrastructure sponsors supply most of the capital while developers contribute entitlements and project management.

Market Street Capital’s platform offers services relevant to these financing needs. Its Debt Capital Markets & Specialty Lending practice advises on senior debt, unitranche and mezzanine financing, and structured lending for complex collateral. The practice draws on relationships with hundreds of institutional and specialty lenders. Its Private Equity Raises practice advises on growth funding and bridge financings for sponsors seeking equity ahead of long-term leases. Securities placement services, where applicable, are provided through Pickwick Capital Partners, LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC. No financing or transaction outcome is assured.

The firm’s real estate practice raises capital across the stack, from senior debt to preferred and joint venture equity. It has experience structuring transactions with REITs, debt funds, insurance companies and pension funds. Market Street also maintains a syndication network of more than 8,000 investors, family offices, venture capital firms and banks, which may assist in identifying potential infrastructure lenders and real estate capital providers; access to funding is not assured.

Data center projects face interconnection, construction and financing constraints that differ by project. Market Street Capital offers advisory services addressing REIT capital, infrastructure debt and sponsor equity in relation to interconnection dates and lease commencements.

For more information about the company, visit www.MarketStreetCP.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to Market Street are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/MarketSt

• Gold, copper supply gap is why a dormant deposit with known reserves, rather than one still being explored, has become a more valuable asset than it was a decade ago.
• Numa Numa Resources is an infrastructure developer and investor focused on the resources of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, a Papua New Guinea province in the South Pacific.
• What remains underground at the company’s Panguna Mine is what makes the project significant.

Gold has spent 2026 setting records, and copper is running short of the supply the world needs to keep up with demand, a combination that has investors hunting for the deposits capable of meeting that demand. Few fit that description better than Numa Numa Resources, Inc., which controls one of the largest undeveloped copper-gold sites on the planet. 

Gold reached an all-time high of $5,597.23 per ounce in January before pulling back to roughly $4,300 an ounce by late September. J.P. Morgan analysts still see the metal averaging $4,600 to $4,700 an ounce for the year, with a year-end target near $5,000, a level the bank has described as marking gold’s shift from a defensive safe haven into a structural wealth-preservation asset.

Copper tells a similar story from the supply side. Forecasters including Morgan Stanley and J.P. Morgan point to a widening structural deficit as electrification, data centers and grid expansion push demand higher faster than new mines can be permitted and built. The International Energy Agency projects that copper demand tied to electricity grids alone could rise sharply through 2040 under a net-zero emissions scenario. That supply gap is exactly why a dormant deposit with known reserves, rather than one still being explored, has become a more valuable asset than it was a decade ago.

Numa Numa Resources is an infrastructure developer and investor focused on the resources of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, a Papua New Guinea province in the South Pacific. Its flagship asset is the reconstruction of the Panguna Mine, alongside three smaller projects: exploration in the Mainoki and Karato areas, the Manetai Limestone and Lime Project, and a proposed hydroelectric utility, the Bougainville Power & Light Project.

Panguna is the reason the company’s name keeps surfacing in mining circles. Developed by Rio Tinto and operated from 1972 to 1989, the open-pit mine produced roughly 3 million tonnes of copper and 9.3 million ounces of gold before landowner grievances over profit sharing and environmental damage triggered a civil conflict that shut it down. Ownership returned to Bougainville under a 2001 peace agreement, and the mine has sat idle since, its infrastructure stripped and its pit partly reclaimed by jungle.

What remains underground is what makes the project significant. Citing Bougainville Copper Limited’s annual report and the U.S. Geological Survey’s 2024 Mineral Commodity Summaries, the company puts Panguna’s known copper reserves at 5.3 million metric tons, roughly 5.3% of the world’s total, worth an estimated $45 billion at January 2024 prices. Known gold reserves stand at 547.15 metric tons, about 1% of global reserves, valued near $40 billion at the same benchmark, with the company saying it believes additional resources exist beyond what historical drilling has already confirmed.

Rebuilding a mine of that scale could take significant funding and extensive permitting and engineering work. Numa Numa Resources has positioned itself as a development partner rather than a sole operator, aiming to work alongside larger mining companies while retaining a role as infrastructure and development partner on the ground in Bougainville.

Beyond Panguna, the company has applied for exploration licenses through its subsidiary, Lakeville Mines Limited, covering the Mainoki and Karato areas, sites that earlier work by CRA Exploration flagged as prospective for porphyry-style copper and gold similar to Panguna’s geology. Numa Numa has also secured an exploration license to redevelop the Manetai Limestone and Lime Project, a former commercial lime site, completing a prefeasibility study in 2022; they have applied for that exploration license to be extended. A fourth initiative, the Bougainville Power & Light Project, has been approved for a feasibility study covering up to 10 megawatts of hydroelectric capacity, infrastructure a reopened Panguna would eventually need.

Numa Numa leadership draws heavily on prior experience building infrastructure businesses in emerging markets. Chairman and CEO John D. Kuhns previously founded and led China Hydroelectric Corporation, a New York Stock Exchange-listed power producer, and has led Numa Numa Resources since 2016. He is joined by President and COO Shad Stastney, also a China Hydroelectric investor and board member, and a board that includes mining engineer Ian Smith, a former mine superintendent at the Panguna Mine itself. On the ground in Bougainville, senior consulting geologist Lawrence Queen brings more than 35 years of regional exploration experience, including a prior post as principal economic geologist for Papua New Guinea’s geological survey.

With gold near record territory and copper facing a deficit few forecasters expect to close soon, a deposit the size of the Panguna Mine, dormant for more than three decades, is one the market may not be able to ignore.

For more information, visit www.NumaNumaResources.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to Numa Numa are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/NUMA

• Telerobotic surgery is moving from isolated demonstrations toward broader clinical and regulatory development, a recent article reads.
• SS Innovations CEO Dr. Sudhir Srivastava told MedTech Dive that robotic surgery is inherently a form of teleoperation and that the central technical question is how much distance can be introduced without compromising responsiveness.
• The company reported 195 robotic telesurgeries using its SSi Mantra system as of Sept 28, 2026, including cardiac procedures and long-distance operations.
• The company’s installed base reached 244 SSi Mantra systems as of September 28, up 45% from the end of 2025, while cumulative procedures reached 14,503.
• SSi Mantra has expanded into 12 countries, with recent cardiac-surgery programs launched in Colombia and Sri Lanka and a new program established at HCG Hospital in Ahmedabad.
• SS Innovations is currently pursuing U.S. FDA clearance and European Union CE marking as it seeks to expand the system into additional international markets.

The growing interest in telerobotic surgery is putting SS Innovations International (NASDAQ: SSII) and its founder and CEO, cardiac surgeon Dr. Sudhir Srivastava, in an increasingly relevant part of the surgical robotics market. A recent MedTech Dive report, “Telerobotic surgery is advancing around the world. Will the US embrace it?,” examined the technology’s development and the regulatory and infrastructure questions surrounding remote surgery. The article highlighted SS Innovations alongside larger medical-device companies and emerging robotics developers (https://ibn.fm/4ZLvL).

For SS Innovations, the discussion comes as its SSi Mantra system is accumulating experience in telesurgery while the company expands its broader robotic surgery footprint.

Srivastava told MedTech Dive that robotic surgery itself can be viewed as teleoperation because the surgeon already works from a console away from the patient, controlling instruments through robotic arms.

The more difficult question concerns distance. “There will always be some delay,” Srivastava said, citing digital processing of video and hand signals. The issue, he said, is determining how far a surgeon can be from the patient while maintaining the required level of responsiveness.

That question is becoming more practical as communications networks and surgical robotics improve. Telerobotic surgery remains an early-stage application. MedTech Dive cited an estimate that roughly 5,000 remote surgeries have been performed globally to date, compared with more than 20 million procedures performed using Intuitive’s robotic systems since their introduction.

The article also pointed to several developments indicating growing institutional interest. In the United States, more than half of Americans live more than an hour from a stroke center capable of performing thrombectomy, according to ARPA-H. The agency has awarded up to $175.3 million to a group of universities and companies, including Siemens Healthineers and Philips, to develop robots capable of supporting long-distance stroke procedures.

Yet no surgical robot is currently authorized in the U.S. specifically for remote procedures. That regulatory gap contrasts with developments in other markets, including India and China. SS Innovations received expanded approval in India for teleproctoring and telesurgery in November 2024 and has also received approval for telesurgery in Indonesia and the Philippines.

The company’s approach encompasses both remote surgical assistance and fully remote procedures. Teleproctoring allows an experienced surgeon to provide guidance to another surgical team without traveling, while telesurgery takes the concept further by allowing the remote surgeon to control the robotic system.

The company’s recent operating figures provide context for its position in the field. SS Innovations reported 244 SSi Mantra systems installed as of September 28, compared with 168 at the end of 2025. That represents a 45% increase in the installed base.

Cumulative procedures reached 14,503, up from 7,885 at the end of 2025. SS Innovations also reported that approximately 1,500 physicians had been trained on SSi Mantra, which has been used in more than 188 validated surgical procedures.

Telesurgery is one component of that activity rather than the company’s primary source of business. As of August 31, SS Innovations reported 188 robotic telesurgeries using SSi Mantra. Among them have been procedures covering substantial geographic distances. One July operation connected surgeons at Hospital Internacional de Colombia in Bucaramanga with a patient at Mohak Bariatrics and Robotics in Indore, India, across more than 13,600 miles of fiber-network distance.

In September, SSi Mantra was also used for what the company described as the first telesurgery within the Philippines, connecting Pampanga and Cotabato across approximately 1,710 kilometers. The company has reported more than 25 cardiac telesurgeries using SSi Mantra. Srivastava himself performed a cardiac telesurgery between Guyana and India in May.

The developments in telesurgery are occurring alongside a broader expansion of SSi Mantra in conventional robotic surgery. In July, SS Innovations launched a robotic cardiac surgery program at La Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia. The program included Colombia’s first Totally Endoscopic Beating-Heart Bypass Surgery using SSi Mantra.

In August, Kings Hospital Colombo installed the first SSi Mantra system in Sri Lanka. The hospital subsequently performed the country’s first robotic-assisted cardiac surgery with the platform and more than 25 additional robotic procedures during the system’s first three weeks.

On September 24, SS Innovations announced the launch of another robotic cardiac surgery program at HCG Hospital in Ahmedabad, India. The program began with a robotic left internal mammary artery take-down performed by Dr. Brajmohan Singh and proctored by Dr. Lalit Malik.

The geographic expansion now extends the SSi Mantra installed base to 12 countries.

The system itself is designed as a modular platform with three to five robotic arms, 3D 4K visualization and more than 40 types of robotic endosurgical instruments. The company’s portfolio also includes SSi Mudra instruments and the portable MantrAsana tele-surgeon console.

The U.S. market represents an important potential expansion opportunity, but it also presents a regulatory hurdle. SS Innovations submitted its SSi Mantra 510(k) premarket notification to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in December 2025. The company expects the FDA review to be completed by the end of the first quarter of 2027. It is also pursuing European Union CE marking, which it expects by the end of 2026.

The MedTech Dive report underscores why those milestones matter. Intuitive, Medtronic and Johnson & Johnson are developing connected surgical capabilities, while newer companies are pursuing remote procedures for applications such as stroke treatment.

But the article also highlighted unresolved issues involving surgeon credentialing, licensing, reimbursement, network reliability and contingency planning if communications are interrupted.

For SS Innovations, the existing telesurgery record provides a clinical foundation as those questions are worked through. Srivastava told MedTech Dive that rural populations face access problems across countries and that patients may need time to become comfortable with the idea of receiving surgery from a physician working remotely.

The company has already demonstrated that the technology can support procedures across significant distances. Its next challenge is translating those demonstrations and its expanding robotic installed base into a broader, regulated market as the industry determines how telerobotic surgery can be deployed safely and consistently.

For more information, visit the company’s website at www.SSInnovations.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to SSII are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/SSII

• Nightfood Holdings has formed TechForce Advanced Manufacturing to pursue a strategic partnership with JUN LONG MACHINE INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
• The new venture is targeting initial production and revenue generation in Q4 2026, supported by existing purchase orders held by JUN LONG.
• The partnership will initially focus on automated wafer sorting and optical inspection equipment for 8-inch and 12-inch semiconductor wafers.

Nightfood Holdings Inc. (OTCQB: NGTF), doing business as TechForce Robotics, is taking another step toward expanding its technology and automation business into semiconductor manufacturing equipment with the formation of TechForce Advanced Manufacturing, Inc.

The newly established Nevada corporation is being created to pursue a strategic advanced-manufacturing partnership with JUN LONG MACHINE INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD., bringing together manufacturing expertise, technical capabilities and commercialization resources. The venture is intended to be owned 51% by Nightfood and 49% by JUN LONG.

Under the planned arrangement, JUN LONG is expected to contribute manufacturing expertise, product-development capabilities, technical know-how and customer relationships. Nightfood, meanwhile, is expected to provide access to capital-raising resources, public-company infrastructure, strategic oversight and commercialization support.

Importantly, the venture is being established with an existing source of potential demand. JUN LONG currently holds purchase orders from key customers, representing orders that TechForce Advanced Manufacturing expects to begin fulfilling once the definitive agreement is completed. The company is therefore targeting the start of production and initial revenue generation in Q4 2026, subject to the completion of the agreement, customer orders and applicable qualification requirements.

The timing and amount of any resulting revenue will depend on production schedules, deliveries, customer acceptance and other factors. Even so, the existing purchase orders provide an important commercial component to the planned expansion as Nightfood prepares to establish additional manufacturing capacity, suppliers, engineering support and customer-integration resources.

The initial commercial focus will be an automated Wafer Sorter and Automated Optical Inspection (“AOI”) system designed to support both 8-inch and 12-inch silicon wafers.

The system is designed to combine automated inspection and grading, identification-based sorting, robotic wafer handling, front-side optical character recognition (“OCR”) and optional Semiconductor Equipment Communication Standard (“SECS”) factory connectivity. These capabilities are intended to support wafer identification, transfer, sorting and inspection across semiconductor and advanced-packaging production environments.

The opportunity comes as semiconductor manufacturing continues to demand increasingly automated and sophisticated equipment. The global semiconductor wafer inspection equipment market is expected to grow from approximately $7.05 billion in 2026 to roughly $9.67 billion by 2030.

The technology also has applications related to Chip-on-Wafer-on-Substrate (“CoWoS”), an advanced packaging approach used to integrate chiplets, processors and high-bandwidth memory into high-performance packages supporting AI and other advanced computing applications.

For Nightfood Holdings, the formation of TechForce Advanced Manufacturing represents a move beyond simply developing automation technology toward establishing a manufacturing and commercialization platform around semiconductor equipment.

With JUN LONG contributing manufacturing and technical capabilities and Nightfood bringing public-company resources and commercialization support, the partnership is designed to combine complementary strengths while pursuing an immediate commercial opportunity.

As the companies work toward finalizing their definitive agreement and preparing the necessary manufacturing resources, the planned Q4 2026 production and revenue target gives investors a near-term milestone to watch as Nightfood advances its semiconductor manufacturing strategy.

For more information, visit the company’s website at TechForceRobotics.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to NGTF are available in the company’s newsroom at http://ibn.fm/NGTF

Disseminated on behalf of LaFleur Minerals Inc. and may include paid advertising.

• Near-term gold producer LaFleur Minerals is reporting new gold  discovery drill results at its Swanson Gold Project, near its flagship Swanson Gold Deposit within the project.
• The discovery hole   includes a near-surface intersection of 6.05 g/t Au over 8.00 meters, including 14.96 g/t Au over 3.00 meters, at its  newly discovered Bartec zone, establishing Bartec as a new priority for further exploration.
• LaFleur also reports it is negotiating the terms of a definitive agreement for a potential prepayment and offtake financing facility with global metal trader Trafigura Canada Limited.

BARTEC GOLD DISCOVERY

Canada-based gold explorer LaFleur Minerals (CSE: LFLR) (OTCQB: LFLRF) (FSE: 3WK0) announced on October 5,2026 that the company has recently extended gold mineralization beyond its main Swanson Gold Deposit.  Recent drill results include a new gold discovery at its Bartec Gold target, as well as positive results at other regional gold targets.  News Release:

LaFleur Minerals Intersects 6.05 g/t Au over 8.00 Metres, Including 14.96 g/t Au over 3.00 Metres, Near Surface at Bartec Target and Identifies Additional New Targets at the Swanson Property

No One Expected To Find So Much Gold In The Abitibi Gold Belt

The Bartec Discovery and the three additional showings are located within LaFleur’s larger Swanson Gold Project in the Abitibi Greenstone Belt of Eastern Canada.

The Abitibi Belt spans across the Ontario–Quebec border and is celebrated as one of the world’s largest Archean greenstone belts (https://ibn.fm/DqDKC) as well as the largest gold-producing region in Canada.

The Abitibi Greenstone Belt is one of the great gold belts of the world. Over 300 million ounces of gold have been delineated along its two principal deformation zones alone. Gold discoveries in the Abitibi Greenstone Belt have long attracted investor attention. Stretching across Quebec and Ontario, the region hosts some of Canada’s most productive gold mines and has produced tens of millions of ounces over several decades.

Several new gold discoveries have been made in the Abitibi this year, heightening LaFleur’s excitement about its exploration program’s prospects. Nobody expected to find so much gold in the Abitibi belt. New discoveries include:

• The Miroir and Aiguille zones of the Duparquet Gold Project in Western Quebec -First Mining Gold Corp. V.FFM (https://ibn.fm/nseeF)
• The Lac Guillet and Hoskin zones of the Belleterre Project in Western Quebec- Vior Inc T.VIO (https://ibn.fm/0Bctp)
• The Rosé Zone of the Perron Project in Western Quebec (https://ibn.fm/IDhhm)-Amex Gold Mining V.AMX
• The Fenelon Gold Project in Western Quebec- (https://ibn.fm/nLJM8) Wallbridge Mining Company V.WM
• The Duquesne West Gold Project in Western Quebec (https://ibn.fm/Q6sIj) Emperor Metals Inc V.AUOZ
• The O’Brien Gold Project in Western Quebec (https://ibn.fm/zxhDt) Radison Mining Resources V.RDS

In addition, major miners such as Eldorado Gold, Iamgold, and Agnico Eagle are also aggressively advancing their advanced-stage gold deposits within the Abitibi Gold Belt.

LaFleur’s Swanson Gold Project is likewise located in Western Quebec near the town of Val d’Or in the heart of the Abitibi Gold Belt and surrounded by numerous major gold deposits and discoveries. The district-scale  Swanson Gold Project’s location amidst all these gold deposits and discoveries gives the Swanson Gold Deposit outstanding gold-deposit prospectivity.

LAFLEUR MINERALS SWANSON GOLD PROJECT-DEMONSTRATED PROSPECTIVITY FOR NEW GOLD DISCOVERIES:

Among the company’s recent drill results, the Bartec target about 5 km from the Swanson Deposit includes a drill hole with a near-surface intersection of 6.05 grams per tonne of gold (g/t Au) over 8.00 meters, including 14.96 g/t Au over 3.00 meters, making it a new priority target for follow-up drilling to test the continuity of the mineralization along strike and down-dip because of its potential to increase total resources within the Swanson Gold Project, according to the company (https://ibn.fm/q3uTK).

The other two nearby targets, Jolin and Jackson, have revealed multiple mineralized zones within individual drill holes and extended gold mineralization approximately 1,200 meters west-northwest along strike, respectively.

“Bartec is the standout. … Bartec moves straight to the top of our follow-up drilling list,” CEO Andrew Elinesky stated in the Oct. 5 news release. The drilling at Bartec is the first modern-day hole analyzed at the showing since 1987 and was designed to validate and characterize the style of mineralization there.

For context regarding the company’s interest in the Bartec Target, reported historical intersections at Bartec (not verified by the company’s Qualified Person) included 3.4 g/t Au over 1.5 meters and 2.4 g/t Au over 0.7 meters (GM 05974), and 11.66 g/t Au with 6.86 g/t Ag over 0.2 meters at 110.2 meters downhole in hole 86-1 (GM 45030).

“We are very encouraged with these latest regional drilling results with several high-grade mineralized gold intervals with significant widths identified across the relatively underexplored regional trends at the Jolin, Bartec, and Jackson targets,” Vice President of Exploration Marc Ducharme added. “We are convinced that the Swanson Gold Project has the potential to host several large-scale gold deposits and our current drilling program is aligned on significantly expanding the existing mineral resource at the main Swanson Gold Deposit.”

LaFleur’s Oct. 5 news release supplements the company’s statement on Feb. 4 that outlined assay results from the initial 29 drill holes in its 64-hole regional drilling program exploring 16,331 meters (https://ibn.fm/Ne1dV).

LaFleur Minerals is well funded and plans to aggressively drill at its current Swanson Gold Deposit, which is the subject of a very positive PEA completed and announced on March 7,2026 and the new Bartec and Jolin and Jackson targets, with a goal to publish an expanded 43-101 Gold mineral Resource in Q2 2027.

The latest news release also notes that efforts to finalize a previously announced proposal for a prepayment and gold doré offtake financing arrangement continues to advance.

Trafigura Canada Limited, the world’s largest private metal trader, sent representatives to visit the Swanson Project and the Beacon Gold Mill in August as part of its due diligence in the contemplated arrangement that would provide LaFleur with up to C$30 million. The news release states the parties are negotiating the terms of a definitive agreement, and the company will provide a further update once the terms are finalized, if they are finalized.

For more information, visit the company’s website at LaFleurMinerals.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to LFLRF are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/LFLRF

Qualified Person Statement:

All scientific and technical information contained in this article has been reviewed and approved by Louis Martin, P.Geo. (OGQ), Exploration Manager and Technical Advisor of the company and considered a Qualified Person for the purposes of NI 43-101.

• MindWave is developing and commercially providing the infrastructure behind an ecosystem centered on MindChain, MindWaveDAO and $NILA.
• MindChain serves as the EVM-compatible Layer 2, while purpose-built industry networks provide specialized environments for real-world applications.
• $NILA connects network utility, staking, participation and governance, giving the ecosystem an economic and community layer.

Blockchain adoption has increasingly moved beyond the question of whether businesses can use digital assets. The more important question is what infrastructure can support those applications as they become more complex and specialized.

That is where MindWave Innovations (NYSE American: APUS) is positioning its business.

Rather than building around a single application or token, MindWave’s newly defined ecosystem is structured around four interconnected components: MindWave as the infrastructure provider, MindChain as the underlying blockchain, MindWaveDAO as the community and governance layer, and $NILA as the utility and governance token.

At the center is MindChain, an EVM-compatible Layer 2 designed to serve as the shared blockchain foundation for the ecosystem. The network uses Ethereum as its settlement and finality anchor while incorporating validator infrastructure, bridges, developer tooling and application-specific network capabilities.

That architecture is important because MindChain is not intended to serve every application through a one-size-fits-all environment. Instead, the network can support purpose-built industry networks with configurable parameters designed around specific use cases.

The company’s current framework identifies four initial areas: InsurTech, ClimateTech, AdTech and real-world assets (“RWA”). Each operates as an industry-specific environment built on the broader MindChain foundation. BlockAssure, ALCI Credit, WavePlus and Nexus serve as flagship implementations within those respective networks.

This creates a structure that can be viewed less as a collection of disconnected blockchain projects and more as an ecosystem built in layers. MindChain provides the underlying infrastructure; industry networks organize that infrastructure around specific sectors; and applications use those networks to deliver products and services.

$NILA provides another layer to the model.

The token is designed as the utility and governance token of the MindWave ecosystem. On MindChain, $NILA is specified as the native gas token for the main network, while its broader functions include staking and delegation, validator-related participation, application utility and governance voting through MindWaveDAO.

MindWaveDAO, meanwhile, serves as the ecosystem coordination layer. $NILA holders can participate in governance proposals involving ecosystem initiatives, builder programs, resource allocations and other development priorities. Importantly, the company’s materials distinguish DAO governance from corporate governance: holding $NILA does not represent equity or shareholder rights in MindWave Innovations or independent companies within the ecosystem.

The ecosystem also incorporates a contribution model intended to connect commercial activity with continued development. Companies participating in the framework commit 25% of qualifying revenue generated through MindChain and its industry networks toward MindWaveDAO ecosystem and $NILA development. The stated objective is to create a cycle in which adoption generates resources for further ecosystem development, which can in turn support additional adoption.

For investors, that structure offers a different way to view MindWave’s opportunity. The company’s story is not simply about developing another blockchain or creating another digital token. It is about building an infrastructure layer where blockchain applications, industry-specific networks, validators, developers and community governance can operate within a connected ecosystem.

MindWave’s execution will ultimately determine whether that architecture can attract meaningful applications, network activity and commercial adoption. But with MindChain providing the foundation, specialized Subnets creating environments for different industries, MindWaveDAO coordinating the ecosystem and $NILA connecting utility with participation and governance, the company is positioning APUS around the infrastructure that can support the next stage of blockchain adoption.

For more information, visit the company’s website at MindWaveInnovations.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to APUS are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/APUS